GNAI2

Guanin nukleotid-vezujući protein (G protein), alfa inhibirajući polipeptid 2
Identifikatori
Simboli GNAI2; GIP; GNAI2B; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1
Vanjski ID OMIM: 139360 MGI: 95772 HomoloGene: 55539 GeneCards: GNAI2 Gene
Ontologija gena
Molekularna funkcija • vezivanje nukleotida
• aktivnost GTPaze
• aktivnost prenosnika signala
• vezivanje proteina
• GTP vezivanje
• vezivanje guanil nukleotida
Celularna komponenta • heterotrimerni G-proteinski kompleks
• membrana plazme
Biološki proces • prenos signala
• signalni put G-protein spregnutog receptora
• G-protein signalizacija, put inhibicije adenilat ciklaze
• negativna regulacija aktivnosti adenilat ciklaze
• acetilholin receptorska signalizacija, muskarinski put
• respons na nutrijent
• ćelijska proliferacija
Pregled RNK izražavanja
podaci
Ortolozi
Vrsta Čovek Miš
Entrez 2771 14678
Ensembl ENSG00000114353 n/a
UniProt P04899 n/a
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002070 XM_980919
RefSeq (protein) NP_002061 XP_986013
Lokacija (UCSC) Chr 3:
50.24 - 50.27 Mb		 n/a
PubMed pretraga [1] [2]

GNAI2, Guanin nukleotid-vezujući protein G(i), alfa-2 podjedinica, je protein koji je kod ljudi kodiran GNAI2 genom.[1][2][3]


Interakcije

Za GNAI2 je bilo pokazano da formira interakcije sa GPSM2,[4][5] RIC8A,[6] Interleukin 8 receptor, alpha,[7][8] EYA2,[9] RGS5[10][11] i MDFI.[12]

Reference

  1. ^ Didsbury JR, Ho YS, Snyderman R (1987). „Human Gi protein alpha-subunit: deduction of amino acid structure from a cloned cDNA”. FEBS Lett. 211 (2): 160—4. PMID 3100330. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(87)81428-X. 
  2. ^ Magovcevic I, Ang SL, Seidman JG, Tolman CJ, Neer EJ, Morton CC (1992). „Regional localization of the human G protein alpha i2 (GNAI2) gene: assignment to 3p21 and a related sequence (GNAI2L) to 12p12-p13”. Genomics. 12 (1): 125—9. PMID 1733849. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90414-N. 
  3. ^ „Entrez Gene: GNAI2 Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 2”. 
  4. ^ Marty, Caroline; Browning Darren D; Ye Richard D (2003). „Identification of tetratricopeptide repeat 1 as an adaptor protein that interacts with heterotrimeric G proteins and the small GTPase Ras”. Mol. Cell. Biol. United States. 23 (11): 3847—58. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 155206 Слободан приступ. PMID 12748287. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.11.3847-3858.2003. 
  5. ^ Mochizuki, N; Cho G; et al. (1996). „Identification and cDNA cloning of a novel human mosaic protein, LGN, based on interaction with G alpha i2”. Gene. NETHERLANDS. 181 (1-2): 39—43. ISSN 0378-1119. PMID 8973305. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00456-8. 
  6. ^ Tall, Gregory G; Krumins Andrejs M; Gilman Alfred G (2003). „Mammalian Ric-8A (synembryn) is a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide exchange factor”. J. Biol. Chem. United States. 278 (10): 8356—62. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12509430. doi:10.1074/jbc.M211862200. 
  7. ^ Damaj, B B; McColl S R; et al. (1996). „Identification of G-protein binding sites of the human interleukin-8 receptors by functional mapping of the intracellular loops”. FASEB J. UNITED STATES. 10 (12): 1426—34. ISSN 0892-6638. PMID 8903513. 
  8. ^ Damaj, B B; McColl S R; et al. (1996). „Physical association of Gi2alpha with interleukin-8 receptors”. J. Biol. Chem. UNITED STATES. 271 (22): 12783—9. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 8662698. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.22.12783. 
  9. ^ Fan, X; Brass L F; et al. (2000). „The alpha subunits of Gz and Gi interact with the eyes absent transcription cofactor Eya2, preventing its interaction with the six class of homeodomain-containing proteins”. J. Biol. Chem. UNITED STATES. 275 (41): 32129—34. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10906137. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004577200. 
  10. ^ Chen, C; Zheng B; et al. (1997). „Characterization of a novel mammalian RGS protein that binds to Galpha proteins and inhibits pheromone signaling in yeast”. J. Biol. Chem. UNITED STATES. 272 (13): 8679—85. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9079700. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.13.8679. 
  11. ^ Zhou, J; Moroi K; et al. (2001). „Characterization of RGS5 in regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling”. Life Sci. England. 68 (13): 1457—69. ISSN 0024-3205. PMID 11253162. doi:10.1016/S0024-3205(01)00939-0. 
  12. ^ Rual, Jean-François; Venkatesan Kavitha; et al. (2005). „Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network”. Nature. England. 437 (7062): 1173—8. PMID 16189514. doi:10.1038/nature04209. 

Literatura

  • Sidhu A, Niznik HB (2000). „Coupling of dopamine receptor subtypes to multiple and diverse G proteins.”. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 18 (7): 669—77. PMID 10978845. doi:10.1016/S0736-5748(00)00033-2. 
  • Offermanns S, Schultz G, Rosenthal W (1991). „Evidence for opioid receptor-mediated activation of the G-proteins, Go and Gi2, in membranes of neuroblastoma x glioma (NG108-15) hybrid cells.”. J. Biol. Chem. 266 (6): 3365—8. PMID 1671672. 
  • Cormont M; Le Marchand-Brustel Y; Van Obberghen E; et al. (1991). „Identification of G protein alpha-subunits in RINm5F cells and their selective interaction with galanin receptor.”. Diabetes. 40 (9): 1170—6. PMID 1718802. doi:10.2337/diabetes.40.9.1170. 
  • Bushfield M; Murphy GJ; Lavan BE; et al. (1990). „Hormonal regulation of Gi2 alpha-subunit phosphorylation in intact hepatocytes.”. Biochem. J. 268 (2): 449—57. PMC 1131453 Слободан приступ. PMID 2114093. 
  • Lyons J; Landis CA; Harsh G; et al. (1990). „Two G protein oncogenes in human endocrine tumors.”. Science. 249 (4969): 655—9. PMID 2116665. doi:10.1126/science.2116665. 
  • Osawa S, Dhanasekaran N, Woon CW, Johnson GL (1990). „G alpha i-G alpha s chimeras define the function of alpha chain domains in control of G protein activation and beta gamma subunit complex interactions.”. Cell. 63 (4): 697—706. PMID 2121366. 
  • McClue SJ, Milligan G (1990). „The alpha 2B adrenergic receptor of undifferentiated neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid NG108-15 cells, interacts directly with the guanine nucleotide binding protein, Gi2.”. FEBS Lett. 269 (2): 430—4. PMID 2169434. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(90)81209-7. 
  • Rudolph U; Koesling D; Hinsch KD; et al. (1989). „G-protein alpha-subunits in cytosolic and membranous fractions of human neutrophils.”. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 63 (1-2): 143—53. PMID 2502457. doi:10.1016/0303-7207(89)90090-7. 
  • Lang JC, Costa T (1990). „Distribution of the alpha-subunit of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gi2 and its comparison to G alpha o.”. J. Recept. Res. 9 (4-5): 313—29. PMID 2512386. 
  • Itoh H; Toyama R; Kozasa T; et al. (1988). „Presence of three distinct molecular species of Gi protein alpha subunit. Structure of rat cDNAs and human genomic DNAs.”. J. Biol. Chem. 263 (14): 6656—64. PMID 2834384. 
  • Weinstein LS, Spiegel AM, Carter AD (1988). „Cloning and characterization of the human gene for the alpha-subunit of Gi2, a GTP-binding signal transduction protein.”. FEBS Lett. 232 (2): 333—40. PMID 2837412. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(88)80764-6. 
  • Beals CR, Wilson CB, Perlmutter RM (1987). „A small multigene family encodes Gi signal-transduction proteins.”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (22): 7886—90. PMC 299440 Слободан приступ. PMID 3120178. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.22.7886. 
  • Williamson EA; Ince PG; Harrison D; et al. (1995). „G-protein mutations in human pituitary adrenocorticotrophic hormone-secreting adenomas.”. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 25 (2): 128—31. PMID 7737262. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1995.tb01537.x. 
  • Takigawa M; Sakurai T; Kasuya Y; et al. (1995). „Molecular identification of guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins which couple to endothelin receptors.”. Eur. J. Biochem. 228 (1): 102—8. PMID 7882989. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.tb20236.x. 
  • Grassie MA, Milligan G (1995). „Analysis of the relative interactions between the alpha 2C10 adrenoceptor and the guanine-nucleotide-binding proteins G(o)1 alpha and Gi 2 alpha following co-expression of these polypeptides in rat 1 fibroblasts.”. Biochem. J. 306 (Pt 2): 525—30. PMC 1136549 Слободан приступ. PMID 7887906. 
  • Migeon JC, Thomas SL, Nathanson NM (1994). „Regulation of cAMP-mediated gene transcription by wild type and mutated G-protein alpha subunits. Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity by muscarinic receptor-activated and constitutively activated G(o) alpha.”. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (46): 29146—52. PMID 7961880. 
  • Wennogle LP; Conder L; Winter C; et al. (1994). „Stabilization of C5a receptor--G-protein interactions through ligand binding.”. J. Cell. Biochem. 55 (3): 380—8. PMID 7962171. doi:10.1002/jcb.240550316. 
  • Valet P; Senard JM; Devedjian JC; et al. (1993). „Characterization and distribution of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in the human intestinal mucosa.”. J. Clin. Invest. 91 (5): 2049—57. PMC 288203 Слободан приступ. PMID 8098045. doi:10.1172/JCI116427. 
  • п
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3.6.1
Pirofosfataza (Neorganska, Tiamin) · Apiraza · Tiamin trifosfataza
3.6.23.6.3-4: ATPaza
3.6.3
Cu++ (3.6.3.4)
Menkes/ATP7A · Vilson/ATP7B
Ca+ (3.6.3.8)
SERCA (ATP2A1, ATP2A2, ATP2A3) · Membrana plazme (ATP2B1, ATP2B2, ATP2B3, ATP2B4) · SPCA (ATP2C1, ATP2C2)
Na+/K+ (3.6.3.9)
ATP1A1 · ATP1A2 · ATP1A3 · ATP1A4 · ATP1B1 · ATP1B2 · ATP1B3 · ATP1B4
H+/K+ (3.6.3.10)
ATP4A
Druge P-tip ATPaze
ATP8B1 · ATP10A · ATP11B · ATP12A · ATP13A2 · ATP13A3 ·
3.6.4
3.6.5: GTPaze
3.6.5.1: Heterotrimerni G protein
Gαs · Gαi (GNAI1, GNAI2, GNAI3) · Gαq/11 (GNAQ, GNA11) · Gα12/13 (GNA12, GNA13) · Transducin (GNAT1, GNAT2)
3.6.5.2: Male GTPaze > Ras superfamilija
Ras · Rab (Rab27) · Arf (Arf6) · Ran · Rheb · Ro familija (RhoA, RhoB, CDC42, Rac1) · Rap
3.6.5.3: GTPaza proteinske sinteze
Prokariotski (IF-2, EF-Tu, EF-G) · Eukariotski
3.6.5.5-6: Polimerizacioni motori
B enzm: 1.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/10/11/13/14/15-18, 2.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8, 2.7.10, 2.7.11-12, 3.1/2/3/4/5/6/7, 3.1.3.48, 3.4.21/22/23/24, 4.1/2/3/4/5/6, 5.1/2/3/4/99, 6.1-3/4/5-6